Status of Ukrainian citizens in Moldova

The war resulting from Russia's large-scale invasion of Ukraine has led to the largest displacement of people in Europe since World War II. 

In the face of violence and instability, millions of Ukrainian citizens have been forced to leave their homes and seek refuge in neighboring countries. 

The Republic of Moldova, being one of the smallest economies in Europe and one of the closest countries to Ukraine, has been significantly affected by this wave of migration. In this context, Moldova has faced major pressure on its social infrastructure, economy, and administrative capacities.

The Republic of Moldova is a primary destination for those fleeing the war, with approximately 1.4 million Ukrainian citizens having entered Moldova from Ukraine and over 118,000 refugees remaining in Moldova by the end of April 2024. 

Refugees often face legal obstacles in host countries, regardless of the host country's commitment to human rights and refugee protection under international and national law. 

For many Ukrainian citizens, Moldova represents the first safe country from the southwestern border of Ukraine. As a transit country – a gateway to Western Europe – Moldova provides Ukrainians with a safe route to other destinations in the European Union. The large influx of refugees has led to the establishment of efficient and secure crossing points.

At the same time, the Government of the Republic of Moldova provides logistical and humanitarian support alongside international organizations such as UNHCR and the International Organization for Migration, it has established reception and transit centers to meet the basic needs of refugees, such as temporary accommodation, food, and medical assistance.

The Government of the Republic of Moldova, supported by other countries in the European Union and humanitarian organizations, has facilitated the transportation of refugees to final destinations in Western Europe, thereby reducing pressure on its limited resources. 

Furthermore, for some Ukrainian citizens, Moldova is becoming a long – term destination due to geographical, cultural, and linguistic proximity. 

Another important aspect for the refugee citizens from Ukraine concerns the possibility of obtaining temporary protection status. Thus, the Republic of Moldova has offered Ukrainian refugees temporary protection, which grants them the right to reside and work legally, as well as access to health and education services. This temporary protection represents a significant legislative adaptation in the context of the crisis. 

Additionally, national and local authorities have mobilized a network of NGOs, local communities, and volunteers to support the social and economic integration of refugees. This process includes programs for learning the Romanian language, access to education for children, and vocational guidance.

Last but not least, the implementation of these activities and complex measures has been carried out with financial and technical support from the European Union and other international organizations, which have contributed to supporting refugees through housing, education, and vocational training programs. 

Moreover, as a candidate state for European Union membership, the Republic of Moldova has assumed a vital role in managing the humanitarian crisis, acting both as a transit country and as a destination for Ukrainian refugees. 

Despite considerable challenges, the national authorities continue to demonstrate solidarity and openness, becoming a model of humanitarian mobilization and regional cooperation. Continued assistance from the international community is vital for Moldova to sustain these long-term efforts while also contributing to the stability and well-being of Ukrainian refugees.

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